Manuscript Format
Submit in PDF or DOCX. Use double-spaced text, numbered lines, and clear section headings.
Title & Abstract
Provide a concise title and a structured abstract (max 300 words) summarizing background, methods, results, and conclusion.
Authors & Affiliations
List all authors with affiliations and ORCID iDs where available. Identify the corresponding author.
Figures & Tables
Embed figures/tables in the manuscript and supply high-resolution versions as supplementary files.
References
Use a consistent citation style. Include DOIs where available. Avoid excessive self-citation.
Data & Code Availability
State where data and code can be accessed, or why they cannot be shared.
Ethics & Conflicts
Declare ethics approvals and all conflicts of interest, financial and non-financial.
AI Use
Disclose any use of AI tools for writing, data analysis, or figure generation.
Language
Submissions should be in English. Clear, technical, and unambiguous language is expected.
Licenses
By default, works are published under CC-BY-4.0 unless an alternative is agreed with the editorial office.